Shoulder Instability / Dislocation

Medical term: Glenohumeral Joint Dislocation

Overview

Shoulder dislocation occurs when the head of the upper arm bone (humerus) is forced out of the shoulder socket (glenoid). The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, which also makes it the most commonly dislocated major joint. Dislocations can be caused by falls, sports collisions, or forceful overhead movements and may damage the labrum, ligaments, and surrounding soft tissues.

Our San Diego orthopedic specialists provide comprehensive care for both acute shoulder dislocations and chronic shoulder instability. Treatment begins with a careful reduction to restore the joint and a thorough assessment of any associated injuries. Depending on the degree of damage and the patient’s activity level, we develop a plan that may include structured rehabilitation or surgical stabilization to prevent future episodes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a dislocated shoulder happen again?

Yes. After a first dislocation the ligaments and labrum may be stretched or torn, making the shoulder more vulnerable to future episodes. Younger patients and athletes have a higher rate of recurrence.

When is surgery recommended for shoulder instability?

Surgery is often considered after recurrent dislocations, or when imaging shows significant structural damage such as a labral tear. The goal of surgery is to restore stability and reduce the risk of future dislocations.